The Effects Of Alcohol And Drug Abuse On People, Families,...

This research paper will explain why alcohol and drug abuse have a negative impact on people, families, friends and society. The abuse of alcohol and drugs knows no boundaries, it does not discriminate. It affects rich and poor, black and white, young and old. Many people don’t consider alcohol as a drug since it is â€Å"legal† after age 21, but in reality it is one of the most addictive â€Å"legal† substances on the planet. They don’t realize that they have a problem when in reality what they have is an addiction. Alcohol isn’t the only substance one can get an addiction to another example of illegal and legal substances are drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamines, and tobacco, etc... I will explain the impact on the person, family, friends, and society that drug and alcohol abuse have both positive, if any, and definite negative effects. I chose alcohol and drug abuse because it interests me and I believe this is a serious and defini te problem that affects not only the United States, but the whole world. There are also many known facts that this has been an ongoing problem for many centuries and has affected people worldwide. This affects many people who are addicted and their loved ones whom are emotionally, physically, and economically drained. People that have an addiction to either drugs or alcohol will do whatever it takes to get the money necessary to supply their addiction and get their daily fix. My family had to go through this situation so I know how itShow MoreRelatedAlcoholism : A Growing Problem1468 Words   |  6 Pagesgrowing problem in today s society. What is alcoholism? Is it a disease? What are the causes of it? What toll does alcohol abuse have on individuals? American society? American economy? What kind of treatments are available to reduce/cure alcoholism? What is alcoholism? Alcoholism is a physical or psychological need for an alcoholic beverage, which is taken for non-medical reasons and produces a noticeable effect on the body (Sheen 93). People develop the need for alcohol for many different reasonsRead MorePersuasive Essay On Drug Abuse1228 Words   |  5 PagesToday, drug abuse has become a controversial subject where various individuals have different views. Substance abuse is a substantial dilemma among people and easily spread in schools, work environments, and even in homes. Drug abuse starts in utterly reasons, but can begin in adolescence with peer pressure or friends using them, family environment that has violent, physical, or emotional abuse, and inherited genetics with mental health conditions as depression, anxiety, or ADHD (National InstituteRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Addiction On Children1506 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction When an individual is struggling with drug addiction problems, the family is affected physically, mentally, and emotionally. The disease not only changes the addict’s whole life, but it changes the lives of their family members as parents get torn apart from themselves and each other. The role of each family member begins to shape around what is in the best interest of the addict. This research paper is an overview of the effects that raising a drug addicted child has on parent’s ability toRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Adolescent Substance Abuse1469 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent substance abuse is one of the largest issues faced by our society today. According to Teenrehab.com, nearly 50% of all high school seniors have abused some form of illicit substance and according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism nearly 70% of 18 year olds have at the least tried alcohol. Many more adolescents are trying, and getting addicted to, drugs every yea r. In my opinion this is one of the most critical issues that we have to address as a society. Summary Response:Read MoreDrug And Alcohol Abuse Has Been Rife1400 Words   |  6 Pagesdecades, drug and alcohol abuse has been rife. They are a huge problem in our society. Not only has the drug problem increased, but many drug related problems are rising as well. Men, women, and children are becoming addicted to illicit substances because they are too available to them. Billions of dollars are spent to aid the prevention of drug abuse, to treat addicts, and to fight the war on drugs. This is a very combative problem, the more it’s fought, the more it fights back. Drugs and alcohol notRead MoreThe Signs Of Addiction And Addiction898 Words   |  4 Pages Families can do different things that can help with addiction. According to Alcohol and Drug Abuse Affects Everyone in the Family (2015), families can learn the facts about drugs and addiction so they can know what to expect. The family needs to make sure they get help for themselves other than getting help for the addicte d person, but also learn what they can do to help the addicted family member. They would maybe need to get a family intervention and always look for a long term recovery. The familyRead MoreEssay on Burn the Fuse of Drug Abuse667 Words   |  3 PagesAddiction and abuse of drugs have remained an unexplainable circumstance, even till today. A mistaken assumption is that drug abusers lack moral principles, and if given a chance or in the presence of will power, their selections could be altered. In reality, drug addiction is known as a complex disease and requires more than will power or mere good intentions to change. Due to the fact that drug addiction could change the way the brain works, with time, the brain promotes compulsive drug abuse. It is difficultRead MoreEssay about Views on Alcohol and Drug Abuse733 Words   |  3 PagesAlcohol and drug abuse among the youth and the adult population is a growing social problem in the United States. The teenage population is very influe ntial to when around its peers. With peer pressure and social roles, teens tend to try and be like the person they look up to, and will do just about anything to look and seem cool in an effort to fit in. Adults tend to turn to alcohol and drugs due to life experiences, such as getting laid off of a job,a death of a family member or friend, or simplyRead MoreAlcohol and Drug Abuse1722 Words   |  7 PagesAlcohol and Drug Addiction Samara Kitchens COM/156 Instructor: Sunday, May 19, 2013 There was a missing person report across the news today, my co-worker stated. I never paid any attention to it; I went on about my day as if everything was fine. When I arrived at home I had severalRead More Drug Abuse in the United States Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesDrug Abuse in the United States of America In the United States of America, we, the people value several things, some of which are freedom, expanding and taking care of our families and our financial security. We, the people, take such things for granted. We also discourage some behavior, such as crime, laziness and use of illegal drugs. Drug abuse is one of the most discouraged behaviors in our country. Use of illegal drugs is harmful to the userand all those with whom the user

Hitler vs. Gandhi - 1721 Words

Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in the small western Indian state of Porbandar under the name Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Ghandis Life) . When Gandhi was finished with high school, he entered a small Indian college, the Samaldas College at the University of Bombay (Mahatma). After beginning his education here, however, he decided he disliked and traveled to the University College London, leaving his wife and infant son (Ghandis Life). It was while attending school in London that he initially became exposed to the diversity of the world; he pursued the study of religions such as Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism (Mahatma). After being admitted to the English Bar, Gandhi returned to India. He, however, had a difficult†¦show more content†¦At this point in his career, he became very well-known, and people began referring to him as â€Å"Mahatma† or â€Å"Great Soul (Mahatma).† He was not born with the title â€Å"Mahatma†; rather it is a title p laced on people who deserve that honor (Mahatma). By 1921, he was the leader of the Indian National Congress and was responsible for reorganizing the party’s constitution around the concept of â€Å"Swaraj,† political independence from the British (Mahatma). He also led a boycott of all British goods and institutions (Mahatma). On March 10th, 1922 Gandhi was arrested and served 2 years of a 6 year prison sentence for sedition (Mahatma). While Gandhi was serving his time in jail, the Indian National Congress lost its publicity and momentum (Mahatma). In fact it did not return to the public eye until 1928 when it campaigned for Britain to grant India â€Å"dominion status,† which gave a state the ability to self-govern its people, while still remaining under control of the British monarchy (Alcock). In 1930, Britain introduced a tax on salt and Gandhi responded by leading a 250 mile march to the sea in order to collect his own salt (Mahatma). Because of Gand hi’s social prominence, the government reluctantly negotiated issues with Gandhi, which led to alleviating poverty, empowering women, and eventually giving India political independence from Britain (Mahatma). Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria, on April 20, 1889,Show MoreRelatedGandhi Vs. Hitler s Life1007 Words   |  5 Pages GANDHI VS. HITLER In history class, there was a topic I found quite intriguing and interesting. The topic at hand was how Gandhi and Hitler shared many similarities. I doubted this at first. It was a puzzling thought overall. After some research and analysis it became apparent that, indeed, they were quite similar. One of their most common feature was the fact that they lead thousands of people to make their vision a reality. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a pacifist. He is a well-knownRead MoreThe Resistance Of Civil Government1556 Words   |  7 Pageshas no more meaning than the individual orator intends it to have. He encourages a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience. In a letter to P.K.Rao, dated September 10, 1935, Gandhi disputes that his idea of civil disobedience was derived from the writings of Thoreau: The statement that I had derived my idea of Civil Disobedience from the writings of Thoreau is wrong. The resistance to authority in South Africa was well advancedRead MoreHate Speech1536 Words   |  7 Pagesout against the then segregationist policies of the United States. The philosophical defense of free speech is undoubtedly important in regards to social change and progress, but would this system work to defend the likes of the Ku Klux Klan, or Hitler? If speech is free for those who support positive social change, what about those who support racism or sexism? Many of the people who are so vocal in their support of these unpopular views firmly believe that they are correct and doing the rightRead MoreStereotypes Then, Now and Later1396 Words   |  6 Pagesworld than the Jews, and why Hitler doesn’t think so is a mystery to me.† She herself had claimed through this statement that Hitler was a dehumanizing monster that was prejudiced and persecuted those in the Jewish religion. What about herself? Is she not the same? She as well claimed that the blacks deserved what they got from the whites and said the blacks were fortunate to have the whites. She is the exact same dehumanizing, abhorrent monster that she claimed Hitler to be, bec ause she claimed thatRead MoreCatal Hyuk2725 Words   |  11 PagesSoutheast Asia Easter Island Andes Mountains Chavin de Huantar CHAPTER 7: The Empires of Persia IDENTITIES: Archaemenids Cyrus Darius Parthians Tribute Standardized Coins Qanat Alexander of Macedonia Free vs. Unfree Labor Magi Seleucids Satrapies Royal Road â€Å"Eyes and ears of the king† Xerxes Bureaucrats Zoroastrianism MAPS: Persepolis Anatolia Afghanistan Macedonia Thrace Royal Road Bactria Iran IndusRead MoreDescription Of A Person s Personality2596 Words   |  11 PagesMeara Gietl Mrs. Leach English 225 B3 6 December 2014 Word Count: 2371 ESTJ vs. INFJ- What is the Difference? A person’s personality is his or her essence. It is what guides decisions, emotions, and even thoughts. Some may wonder if it is possible to explore every nuance of such a complex part of a being, but there are ways to determine what type of personality a person has, and then branch off into a more detailed examination of that person specifically. Combined with other factors, such as personalityRead MoreWisdom Essay4887 Words   |  20 Pagespathway in making sound judgments through appropriate values. One cannot the wise and at the same time being impulsive or mindless in one’s judgments. Third, wisdom represents an avenue in creating a better, more harmonious world. Dictators like Adolf Hitler may have been knowledgeable, but it is hard to argue that he was wise. Finally, students - who will be future leaders of the country and in their own family – will grow to be part of a larger community which is in need of wise leadership and stabilityRead MoreEssay abou t Phd Comprehensive Exam. in Leadership15004 Words   |  61 Pagestransformative leader however he was not a particularly participative leader. Churchill would listen in cabinet meetings, and then he would make a decision. Once made, he was immoveable. Likewise, Adolph Hitler was certainly a transformative leader, inspiring millions to die for his vision of a future Germany, but Hitler was also clearly authoritarian in his approach to government and military operations. Transformational â€Å"leaders can be directive or participative† (B.M. Bass, 1998, p. 12). Transformative LeadershipRead MorePaper Exam 2 History Ib9416 Words   |  38 Pageswas not limited solely to Europe. Credit those who apply their knowledge to the instability which resulted, for example, in the Middle East, South and East Asia. Candidates who address this as a question on the Treaty of Versailles and the rise of Hitler will not score highly. If only part (a) or part (b) is dealt with, mark out of a maximum of [12 marks]. –9– 6. N11/3/HISTX/BP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M Assess the importance of religious and economic factors in the origins of either the Spanish Civil WarRead MoreEssay about What is World History?4758 Words   |  20 Pageshuman doings, sayings, thinkings, feelings, and dreamings have left no trace: no written records, no artifacts, no impact on the Earths crust, nothing. Even the lives of relatively well-documented figures in history, such as Martin Luther or Mohandas Gandhi, are known to us only in bits and pieces. So what can historians do? They can connect the dots, the pitifully few dots, to make conjectural pictures of the past; they can assemble the surviving evidence into narratives, or stories, about the past

Market Issues In Relation To Bluejet Joint Venture

Question: Describe about the Market Issues In Relation To Bluejet Joint Venture. Answer: In Dominions Corp v Bryan Pty ltd (1985), the high court gave a definition of a joint venture[1]. A joint venture is an association of persons or trading organizations who come together with a view of making profits, and each partner will contribute some aspects of capital for purposes of meeting their objectives. Hence, one of the benefits of a joint venture, is the financial benefits that the parties to the association benefit from one another. They do not only share financial contributions, but also expertise and technologies that can be used to make theme competitive within the given market. However, the main disadvantage of a joint venture is that it may frustrate the level of competition within an industry. To mitigate against these negative effects of joint ventures, the Australian government has developed laws aimed at regulating the level and nature of competition within the industry. Companies such as Jetstar and Virgin Blue have decided to merge their marketing departments for purposes of ensuring they find a solution to the low profits these companies make. The proposed marketing arm is BlueJet Australia. To come up with an efficient strategy that can help these organizations to develop policies that will make them profitable, BlueJet Australia must identify the market competition issues that are affecting the Australian airline industry. Certainly, the first step towards understanding the competition issues facing the airline industry in Australia is to understand the Australian law regarding competition. As a matter of fact, business competition in Australia is regulated by the Australian Competition Consumer Commission (ACCC). This institution was formed in 2010, through an act of parliament called, the Competition and Consumer Act. Section 50 of the 2010 Competition and Consumer Act regulates the level of competition that emanates through merger and acquisition. The section denotes that a company should not acquire the shares of another organization, if the acquisition or merger may result to reducing the level of competition within the industry. With this in mind, chances are always high that the ACCC will refuse to recognize certain mergers, joint ventures and acquisition in Australia[2]. This is in a bid to ensure that there is competition in the given industry. However, when the merger will lead to the benefit of the public, or when one company is failing, ACCC may approve the merger or the joint venture. Blue Jet comprises of Jetstar and Blue Virgin. These companies are not making good profits within the market. In fact, the financial performance of Jetstar is poor; hence, chances are high that the joint venture will be allowed by ACCC. This is because the venture will not be a threat to competition, but it will ensure there is competition within the Australian airline industry. Therefore, understanding the rules of competition guiding Australian airline industry will help to determine the approaches and policies that BlueJet Australia initiates, for purposes of enabling the airline companies to become competitive. It is important to denote that the regulation of competition in Australia is aimed at ensuring that companies do not take advantage of their dominant positions, to initiate policies that will force other companies out of the mar ket, or will be harmful to their customers. To be efficient in developing marketing policies that will ensure the success of BlueJet, the joint venture must understand the effect of the deregulation of the airline industry that began in the periods of 1980s[3]. The deregulation of the airline industry in Australia has made the sector to be very competitive, and this is because there is the introduction of new companies offering airline services[4]. This has led to an increase in competition; hence, companies are forced to come up with policies aimed at making them to be competitive, and to increase the percentage of market they control. Because of an increase in competition, companies in the airline industry are engaged in price wars, and this reduces the amount of profit they can get. Low prices ensure that companies do not get value for their investments, and it is the customers who are benefiting. Basing on these facts, the deregulation of the airline industry helped in advancing the provisions of the Competition and Consum er Act (2010) which supports the implementation of policies that benefit the customer. On this note, having an understanding of the price wars in the Australian airline industry, will enable BlueJet to come up with a pricing strategy that will benefit its customers, and also the company itself. A pricing policy that benefits the company is one that does not lead to losses, or low profits that cannot sustain the organization. It is important to note that in a s much as cost leadership strategy, is one of the most efficient strategies that can lead to profitability of the organization, the company must provide high quality services, to be guaranteed of customers. This is because customers are prepared to pay a significant amount of money for a quality service. Furthermore, the BlueJet must know the demand elasticity of the different market segments, as this is an important factor that determines the pricing policy of airline companies. For instance, there are two important market segments in the airline industry. These segments are the leisure travelers, and the business travelers. Leisure travelers are people who are very flexible with the dates of travel, and the prices of air tickets. Therefore, they are very sensitive to changes in the prices of air tickets. This is as compared to the business travelers. Hence, when initiating the cost leadership pricing strategy, the company must be targeting leisure travelers. On the other hand, business travelers are not sensitive for prices[5]. Furthermore, customers are always well informed of the prices that airline companies charge. This is because of the availability of the information concerning airline companies in Australia. Most airline companies normally publish information concerning their company through their websites or magazines. This information is accessible to customers and the employees of these airline companies. Because of these policies aimed at capturing customers, there is an intense competition in the airline industry[6]. Indeed, entry of low cost airlines has shifted the advantage to these airline companies. In fact, a company such as Tigerair is emerging as a leader in offering low cost air services in Australia. Other potential competitors include Airnorth, Rex Airlines and Jetstar. BlueJet has to study the pricing and managerial policies of these competitors, for purposes of ensuring that it comes up with the best marketing strategy that will give it a competitive edge over these rivals[7]. It is important to denote that without information about these competitors, BlueJet may initiate policies that may not be effective in penetrating the market segment held by these competitors. Another issue to consider are factors that are beyond the control of airlines, but which have an impact on the competition within the airline industry. One of these factors is fuel. There has been a rising cost of fuel, and reducing these increases is beyond the capacity of the airline industry[8]. This is basically because of the availability of very few suppliers of fuel, and the inelastic demand of the commodity. It is important to denote that the price of an airline ticket is very sensitive to the costs of fuel. Furthermore, the cost of fuel in an airline industry covers a third of the operating expenses of the airline. Labor is another factor that takes a considerable amount of money, and it contributes to a quarter of the operational expenses of the airline company. Another factor that may affect the competitive capability of BlueJet is the cost of maintaining the fleet of its airplanes. These costs are very high, especially, when the airplanes are aged[9]. Indeed, after paying all these costs, the operational expenses of the company will be high, affecting the overall profitability of the business organization. It will imply that the margins of profits will be very low. Therefore, the inability of the company such as BlueJet to control these costs would mean that it will be operating at very high operational costs. But still, to be competitive, the company will accept to charge low prices for its air tickets. However, the existence of these uncontrollable costs does not mean that the airline industry is not profitable[10]. With proper policies and programs, BlueJet can make profits. An example is a company such as the Emirates Airlines. The company has a fleet of young airplanes, and this means that they are fuel efficient and require low maintenance costs. Furthermore, the company is able to get cheap labor because it is based in Dubai, and it pays low taxes[11]. In the view of this, the government of Australia should assist BlueJet by coming up with subsidy programs aimed at reducing the costs of operation for the company. While pursuing this policy, the government should target the whole airline industry, as it will enhance competition. Then, the use of government assistance may provide the airline industry with the needed money that can be used in research and development. In every organization, RD department is crucial, in ensuring that the company achieves its profitability[12]. It is through research and development that the BlueJet will collect and accumulate data regarding the policies pursued by its competitors. Furthermore, it is through RD that the company may know the various needs of its customers, and come up with a service that satisfies those needs[13]. Knowledge of these needs, and development of services that satisfy these needs, is crucial and important in making the company to be highly competitive[14]. Therefore, the government has an important role to play in the airline industry, in terms of the provision of resources and development of infrastructures that may make it possible for airline companies to operate and compete with one another[15]. Finally, the competitive issues that BlueJet will face includes the pricing policies pursued by the competitors of the company, the costs the company cannot control, the involvement of the government in regulating competition within the industry, and the marketing strategies employed by the competitors of the company. Air ticket prices are a very sensitive issue in the airline industry. This is because of the high operational costs that these companies face, and the intense competition emanating from other companies. BlueJet will therefore consider the level of competition emanating from these airline companies, before coming up with the right prices for its air tickets. Government control is an important issue that arises, because the Competition and Consumer Act of 2010 prohibits companies from engaging in any activity that frustrates competition within the industry. To facilitate competition, the government may provide the necessary resources and infrastructures that will encourag e BlueJet to engage in extensive RD. Research and development is an important process that will determine the development of high quality services that carter for the needs of the target market. Bibliography Books, Journals and Articles B, Clarke and Sweeney B,Marketing and The Law(LexisNexis Butterworths, 2011) Barron, Margaret,Fundamentals Of Business Law(McGraw-Hill, 2012) Davenport, Shayne and David Parker,Business And Law In Australia(Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia, 2011) Forsyth, P,Competition Versus Predation In Aviation Markets(Ashgate in association with the German Aviation Research Society, 2005) Freeman, Michael D. A,Law And Bioethics(Oxford University Press, 2008) Gibson, Andy and Douglas Fraser,Business Law(Prentice Hall, 2005) Haque, Tariq, "LeadLag Effects In Australian Industry Portfolios" (2010) 18 Asia-Pacific Financial Markets Kotler, Philip et al,Marketing(2015) P, Gillies and Selvadurai N,Marketing Law(Federation Press, 2008) P, Latimer,Australian Business Law(CCH Australia Ltd, 2012) Peoples, James,Pricing Behaviour And Non-Price Characteristics In The Airline Industry(Emerald, 2012) Tierney, Alison J., "Matching Up To The Airline Industry" (2008) 63Journal of Advanced Nursing Towards A National Aviation Policy Statement(Dept. of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, 2008)` Zeller, Bruno and Bill Cole, "Australian Trade Agreements A Divergence Between Trade Policy And Business Outcomes Can They Deliver Trade-Related Growth For Australia?" (2014) 3Global Journal of Comparative Law B Cases and Legislations Competition and Consumer Act (2010) Dominions Corp Ltd v Brian Pty Ltd (1985) 157 High Court (1985)

Special needs observation free essay sample

Thirdgrade? Observation of Special Needs Classroom SPE/300 June 16, 2013 Leigh Anne Guminger Observation of Special Needs Classroom On June 26th and 27th, I observed in a special education classroom in Lathrop Elementary School. The head teacher was Janelle McQuerry. Mrs. McQuerry has 9 years of teaching experience. All of her nine years have been spent in special education programs. This was a summer program, so it was not the same as the program during the regular year. During the two days of my observation, there was one eight year old boy going into first grade, two 8 year old boys going into 2nd grade, one 9 year old boy going into 3rd grade and one 11 year old boy going into 5th grade. One of the boys going into 2nd grade has the diagnosis of autism, but the other boys all fall under â€Å"other health impairments† paired with ADHD. The other 2nd grader has had multiple surgeries to enlarge his skull and also has a feeding tube in his stomach. We will write a custom essay sample on Special needs observation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The three youngest boys each have a para-professional with them at all times. When I first came into the classroom, the teacher was reading to the boy going into first grade, Trevor. The teacher later explained that this young man had been in nine school districts and had not progressed out of kindergarten in that time frame. He had severe behavioral issues in his past schools and had been expelled from two of them. On this morning, he was sitting in his para’s lap while the main teacher read a social story to him. The two boys going into second grade, AJ and Jacob, were also listening to the story. They each had a para with them also. The teacher was reading in an engaging way, changing voices for different characters. After each page, she would ask questions to gauge their understanding and would clarify if they did not respond. The book was about making ice cream, which was the project they were going to do later in the morning. After reading the book, the teacher asked all of the children to go to the table to draw a picture. She asked them to draw a picture of their favorite kind of ice cream. She talked to them during the lesson about different types and colors of ice cream. She referenced the book that she had just read several times. The little boy that is autistic, AJ, kept repeating one line out of the book, over and over. His para would repeat the line with him, but try to distract him into drawing his picture. The teacher led right into explaining that they were going to make their own ice cream. She explained that they would have to follow directions. She laid out laminated cards that had simple directions as well as pictures of each step they needed to take. AJ read each card on his own, with no assistance. Jacob, the little boy with the major health issues, read a few of the simple words with the help of his para. She would help him look at the begging letters, make the sound and then help him phonetically say the word. Trevor’s para was helping him look at the pictures and understand what was happening in the picture. Each student got their own supplies from a picture and word supply list. The teacher sat at a half circle table, so that she could reach each child. She would help each student dump in their ingredients. When it was time to put in the ice, AJ, got upset. He did not want to touch the ice. He said emphatically â€Å"No, ice is cold. † His para did not push him, but went ahead and put the ice in for him. She did encourage him to touch it with a finger. Before the project was done, he did touch the ice with the tip of his finger. When he touched it, he pulled his hand away quickly, but then giggled. Once they had the ingrdients all together, they put the bags in a pillow case and were encouraged to shake the bag with all their mite. Trevor refused to shake it at all. AJ shook it in very small wiggles, while Jacob took the bag and shook it with his whole body, giggling all the time. When they had finally made the ice cream, Trevor and Jacob ate all of theirs, while AJ refused to taste it. I was very impressed with the way that each para was working with their student individually, but still working on the lesson as a group. Each para worked with her own student, but they all talked to each student and encouraged them to converse with each other also. The main teacher directed the group, but then worked with each individual as they needed also. She was very thorough in her explanations and always told them what to expect next. She used time cues with them, â€Å"In five minutes, we will start to make our ice cream. † I took away several ideas that I will use in regular education classrooms, as well as special education classrooms.

Research Propsal Draft Example

Research Propsal Draft Example Research Propsal Draft – Research Proposal Example Research Proposal Draft Theoretical Framework The prime objective of the research study attempts to develop an illustrative elaboration on the effectiveness of nurses in teaching patients on smoking cessation. In this regard, the major problem to the nurses is to be highly effective in managing the cessation of smoking practices among patients who are intensely habituated to such habits. As smoking is considered quite addictive in nature, the effectiveness of nurses in this regard becomes highly challenging that expands beyond conventional medical care facilities to providing psychological assistance to the patients. Nevertheless, the theory of trans-theoretical model greatly supports the nurses in their objectives. In this regard, trans-theoretical model supports an individual to change patient’s behavior overcoming such cessation (Kolundzija, Gajic, Misic-Pavkov & Maras, 2011). The theory of trans-theoretical model suggests of the certain stages of behavioral changes, which are highly applicable in controlling the cessation of smoking. In this regard, pre-contemplation is regarded as the stage in which, the patients do not intend to change. The next stage is denoted as contemplation, where the patients realize the need of behavioral changes. The subsequent stage is the preparation, where the patients intend to implement certain actions for the change. Correspondingly, in the following stage i.e. action, the patients are encouraged and driven towards efficiently changing his/her behavior to a non-smoking individual. The next stage of change according to trans-theoretical model is maintenance. This is quite an important stage, where patients need to maintain his/her non-smoking behavior. The last stage in the process is Termination, where the patients are noted to have the desire to quit their addiction (Boston University School of Public Health, 2013). Thus, it is also evident that the theory of trans-theoretical model is highly applicable to the curren t project related to cessation of smoking (Kolundzija, Gajic, Misic-Pavkov & Maras, 2011). The underneath diagram herewith depicts the stages of behavioral change as per the theory of trans-theoretical model that will be implemented in the study initiated. Source: (Boston University School of Public Health, 2013)ReferencesBoston University School of Public Health. (2013). The transtheoretical model (stages of change). Retrieved from http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/SB721-Models/SB721-Models6.html Kolundzija, K., Gajic, Z., Misic-Pavkov, G. & Maras, J. S. (2011). Core constructs of the trans-theoretical model of behavior change. Curr Top Neurol Psychiatr Relat Discip, 19(1), 48-52.

Step Pyramid of Djoser - Egypts Oldest Pyramid

Step Pyramid of Djoser - Egypts Oldest Pyramid The Step Pyramid of Djoser (also spelled Zoser) is the earliest monumental pyramid in Egypt, built at Saqqara about 2650 BCE for the 3rd Dynasty Old Kingdom pharaoh Djoser, who ruled about 2691–2625  BCE (or perhaps 2630-2611  BCE). The pyramid is part of a complex of buildings, said to have been planned and executed by that most famous architect of the ancient world, Imhotep. Fast Facts: Step Pyramid of Djoser Culture: 3rd Dynasty, Old Kingdom Egypt (ca. 2686–2125 BCE)Location: Saqqara, EgyptPurpose: Burial chamber for Djoser (Horus Ntry-ht, ruled 2667–2648 BCE)Architect: ImhotepComplex: Surrounded by a rectangular wall enclosing several shrines and open courtyards  Size: 205 feet high, 358 feet square at the base, complex covers 37 acresMaterial: Native limestone What is a Step Pyramid? The Step Pyramid is made up of a stack of rectangular mounds, each built of limestone blocks, and decreasing in size upward. That may seem odd to those of us who think pyramid-shaped means smooth-sided, no doubt because of the classic  Giza Plateau pyramids, also dated to the Old Kingdom. But stepped pyramids were the common type of tomb for both private and public individuals until the 4th dynasty when Sneferu built the first smooth-sided, albeit bent, pyramid.  Roth (1993) has an interesting paper about what the shift from rectangular to pointy pyramids meant to Egyptian society and its relationship to the  sun god Ra; but thats a digression. The very first pharaonic burial monuments were low rectangular mounds called mastabas, reaching a maximum height of 2.5 meters or about eight feet. Those would have been almost completely invisible from a distance, and, over time the tombs were built ever-increasingly larger. Djosers was the first truly monumental structure.   Djosers Pyramid Complex Djosers Step Pyramid is at the heart of a complex of structures, enclosed by a rectangular stone wall. The buildings in the complex include a line of shrines, some fake buildings (and a few functional ones), high niched walls and several wsht (or jubilee) courtyards. The largest wsht-courtyards are the Great Court south of the pyramid, and the Heb Sed courtyard between the rows of provincial shrines. The step pyramid is near the center, complemented by the south tomb. The complex includes subterranean storage chambers, galleries and corridors, most of which were not discovered until the 19th century (although they were apparently excavated by Middle Kingdom pharaohs, see below). One corridor that runs beneath the pyramid is decorated with six limestone panels depicting King Djoser. In these panels, Djoser is dressed in different ritual clothing and posed as standing or running. That has been interpreted to mean he is performing rituals associated with the Sed festival (Friedman and Friedman). Sed rituals were dedicated to the jackal god known as Sed or Wepwawet, meaning Opener of the Ways, and an early version of Anubis. Sed can be found standing next to Egyptian dynastic kings right from the first images such as that on the Narmer palette. Historians tell us that Sed festivals were rituals of physical renewal, in which the aged king would prove he still had the right of kingship by running a lap or two around the walls of the royal residence. Middle Kingdom Fascination with the Old Guy Djosers name was given to him in the Middle Kingdom: his original name was Horus Ntry-ht, glossed as Netjerykhet. All of the Old Kingdom pyramids were the focus of keen interest to the founders of the Middle Kingdom, some 500 years after the pyramids were built. The tomb of Amenemhat I (Middle Kingdom 12th dynasty) at Lisht was found to be packed with Old Kingdom inscribed blocks from five different pyramid complexes at Giza and Saqqara (but not the step pyramid). The Courtyard of the Cachette at Karnak had hundreds of statues and steles taken from Old Kingdom contexts, including at least one statue of Djoser, with a new dedication inscribed by Sesostris (or Senusret) I. Sesostris (or Senusret) III [1878–1841 BCE], Amenemhats great-great-grandson, apparently snagged two calcite sarcophagi (alabaster coffins) from the underground galleries at the Step Pyramid, and transmitted them to his own pyramid at Dahshur. A rectangular stone monument featuring the undulating bodies of snakes, perhaps part of a ceremonial gateway, was removed from Djosers pyramid complex for the sixth dynasty Queen Iput Is mortuary temple at the Teti pyramid complex. Sources Baines, John, and Christina Riggs. Archaism and Kingship: A Late Royal Statue and Its Early Dynastic Model. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 87 (2001): 103–18. Print.Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, et al. Radiocarbon-Based Chronology for Dynastic Egypt. Science 328 (2010): 1554–57. Print.Dodson, Aidan. Egypts First Antiquarians? Antiquity 62.236 (1988): 513–17. Print.Friedman, Florence Dunn, and Florence Friedman. The Underground Relief Panels of King Djoser at the Step Pyramid Complex. Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 32 (1995): 1–42. Print.Gilli, Barbara. The Past in the Present: The Reuse of Ancient Material in the 12th Dynasty. Aegyptus 89 (2009): 89–110. Print.Hawass, Zahi. A Fragmentary Monument of Djoser from Saqqara. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 80 (1994): 45–56. Print.Pflà ¼ger, Kurt, and Ethel W. Burney. The Art of the Third and Fifth Dynasties. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 23.1 (1937): 7–9. Print .Roth, Ann Macy. Social Change in the Fourth Dynasty: The Spatial Organization of Pyramids, Tombs, and Cemeteries. Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 30 (1993): 33–55. Print.

Interview with manager of Not-fo-Profit Organization Coursework

Interview with manager of Not-fo-Profit Organization - Coursework Example Under-performing branches of the Salvation Army unable to procure adequate financial donations or those unable to sustain their expenditures are shifted under the jurisdiction of the colonel Officer to create turnaround strategies. Black indicated that his role in management accounting consists of determining new and innovative food distribution networks and also establishing local partnerships with various vendors that supply in-house materials for homeless services. At the Salvation Army, it is not cost effective to maintain an in-house transportation fleet, therefore the majority of Black’s daily activities include supply chain contractual bargaining with vendors. Strategic leadership at the executive level provides the colonel with quarterly projections related to the budget whereby Black must determine how best to allocate resources in a variety of operational areas. These areas include, along with homeless services, administrative services costs, food and recreation, inter-office technologies coordination, and educational systems procurement. It is a highly diverse position offering opportunities for business travel and one that is highly visible in various governing boards at the organization. The most interesting research results achieved that were associated with the Salvation Army and its organizational mission was the depth to which psychology is utilized as part of regular communications between mid-management team members and lower-level support groups. Officers in the Salvation Army are trained in a variety of psychological theories, especially foundational ones such as Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Social Learning Theory. The Salvation Army believes that individuals being helped by the variety of services available lack fundamental securities associated with physiological needs and self-esteem development. Therefore, communications processes between managers and serviced individuals are highly strategized. They are trained in

Hate Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hate - Coursework Example This project will discuss the relationship of hate and psychology as they have been applied to past and current events and how they have been applied to the theories that have been developed. The second section will present how these theories present contradictory evidence whether it is a group or an individual. A short evaluation of this research project will conclude this paper with the writer's personal views of what type of psychology is needed in studying hate. Behavioural Psychology is a theory that all behaviours are gained through conditioning: classical & operant. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Classical conditioning have two elements, the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. Operant Conditioning is the association between the behaviour and the consequence for that behaviour. From this conditioning, the learning theory was developed. Negative behaviour can be eliminated by taking away the benefit. A person's behaviour is learned b y the consequences which can be external forces. His conscious is changed by the rewards he receives. Adolf Eichmann as seen by a behavioural psychologist would have learned a set of rules and been conditioned to have positive consequences. "When these basic, underlying, human standards (behaviours) are cross culture and are human, there are no longer any societal rules for criticising what is good and what is bad. It was considered normal what was going on in Germany. (Goble 110) Social Psychology is focused on the situation. Eichmann's defence was that he was simply following instructions when he ordered the death of millions of Jews. In his 1974 book Obedience to Authority, Milgram posed the question, "Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders? Could we call them all accomplices?" One person in history, one concept of hate is compared to two types of psychology. Social Psychology is focused on the situation. Behavioural Psyc hology is focused on the consequences of the reward of the individual. Social Psychology - SSM Theory Behavioural Psychology- Learning Theory Social Psychology in simple terms tells how people act, when they are with other people. Group behaviour, conformity, interaction, perception, prejudice and leadership are all taken into account. In 2003, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) finished an eight year study which has become the universal Seven-Stage Hate Model (SHM) The SHM is a predictive tool that tracks hate groups from inception to full maturity. A hate group, if not stopped, passes through seven successive stages. In the first four stages, hate groups vocalize their beliefs and in the last three stages, they act on their beliefs. There is contradictory evidence in the original study and the universal SHM between the distinction of passing from stage 3 to 4 as they are often interchanged. In 2003, the model was presented by the FBI as: 1. The Haters gather 2. The Hate gro up defines itself 3. The Hate Group disparages the target 4. The Hate Group taunts the target 5. The Hate Group attacks without weapons 6. The Hate Group attacks with weapons 7. The Hate Group destroys the target A transition period exists between verbal violence and acting that violence out. Prior to the groups transition to acting out violence interdiction has the greatest probability of success. The Seven-Stage Hate Model can be used to predict violence before it occurs. Observers can track

Hunting should be allowed Essay Example for Free

Hunting should be allowed Essay Hunting is beneficial to our society and therefore should be allowed. Historically human beings have been pursuing wild animals to provide their families with food, clothing, and shelter. In modern times the need for hunting for survival has lessened because of the development of animal husbandry and agriculture. There were times in history worldwide when hunting became profitable and hunters began killing animals for their fur, skins, and meat. Then it became necessary to put regulations in to effect to preserve wildlife as well as to somewhat appease the critics who felt hunting should be illegal. Three main reasons why hunting should be allowed is to regulate the amount of wild animals, so that areas do not become over populated by them. Another reason is that hunting is a major money making industry. The third main reason is that hunting for sport of food is an exciting and educational experience for hunters of all ages. In John Clare’s poem â€Å"The Badger† we see hunting at its worst and a major turnoff due to the unethical and cruel nature of the townspeople engaged in the hunt. Poems like these motivate people to be anti-hunting but if we look closely at the benefits of hunting it overrides such negativity and we can plainly see the benefits. Hunting if done responsibly should be allowed. It is a great privilege to have and is regulated by the government. Some of the steps put in place is the requirement to pass a hunter education course before hunting, this protects people. There are also laws that set hunting season dates to protect wildlife. Most states grant their wildlife agencies the authority to manage wildlife population using regulations. Regulations are generally easier to change and better suit the dynamic nature of wildlife management. For example, if a drought caused many a deer to die, the wildlife agency would be able to change its regulations by reducing the number of permits and protecting the deer population. If the situation was reversed a sudden increase in the deer population was observed then the wildlife agency can change its regulations, increasing the number of permits and providing more opportunity for hunting. Many benefits come from hunting not only to the hunter, but also to society. Without the hunter, many breeds of animals would become overpopulated and die off from lack of food due to excess in their numbers and lower percentage of food per herd. Not only would there be too many animals, but it would greatly increase the chance of disease and inner-herd killings. Nature decrees the survival of the fittest, those that are weak and old will be the first attacked, even by their own kind. Hunting also brings benefit to humans through the control of the wildlife and the predatory animals that would invade neighborhoods when overpopulation occurs. These dangerous animals are wolves, bears, mountain lions, coyotes, and bobcats. Hunting wildlife keeps disease among wildlife at a lower rate and ensures better survival. Hunters also donate millions of dollars each year from hunting license and stamp fees that buy thousands of acres of open land, natural habitat, and wetlands that forever preserve them for wildlife use each year. Individuals who are against hunting do not spend any money on this. Hunting is a major money maker for the government as well as private establishments. The average hunter spends quite a reasonable amount of money on his hunting trips. These hunting trips approximately last for about seven to twelve days on average. The taxes on the hunting licenses increase every year adding to the expense and putting money in to government coffers. Hunters also buy equipment. This helps private businesses and retailers. Hunting offers benefits to the hunter in the form of a sport, not only for food but it is a relaxing, exciting and an educational experience for hunters of all ages. There are the benefits of education, by studying the animals the hunter will learn how they relate amongst themselves, their patterns for breeding, migration, and their tendencies of behavior. The hunter will not only benefit by this knowledge within his hunt but also will know what animals to pursue when hunting. Ill or deformed animals often give the hunter a sense of empathy when hunting. These animals may not live very long and possibly spread its disease to the other animals. Sport hunting should not be banned when examining information from this angle as it affects us all in general. Hunting also provides excitement and a close connection with nature. While hunting, the hunter often connects with nature while sitting in silence. He has the opportunity to observe his surrounding and become familiar with his hunting ground. Knowing the plant life and growth rate of the area crops is very important part to being a good hunter. This knowledge comes through conservation of the land being managed for hunting. Through this land management, the plant and animal life become more abundant. Hunting should be allowed and protesters should make the effort to become more knowledge about the benefits of hunting. There are many environmental benefits to society and to wildlife. The health of the animals is important to hunters as they reproduce and replenish there will be ongoing game for hunting. Hunting is a privilege and privileges require responsibility. Citizens must meet certain standards. The greatest threat to hunting in North America is not anti-hunters. It is the negative hunter image created by poor hunter behavior in the field. Our actions when we are not hunting may also give hunters a poor image. For example, bragging about the animals killed or wearing dirty hunting clothes in public gives all hunters a poor image. Support from non-hunters decreases when hunters act unsafe or unethically in the field. An example of this can be seen in John Clare’s poem, â€Å"The Badger† The main subject of this poem is the relationship of the wild animal to the hunters who bait and tame it. The townspeople act unethically to the badger while hunting it. The badger-baiters are a poor example of what hunting should be and their sadistic behavior is one reason why many anti-hunters are so against hunting and do not want it to be allowed. They literally torture a vulnerable creature and he is pitched against cudgel wielding, stone throwing townspeople and ferocious dogs. â€Å"The Badger† is a weaker adversary and when he runs toward the woods and freedom, the townspeople turn him back with clubs. When the badger finally lies beaten and helpless, he is continuously kicked and torn by the savage mob. Moreover, the last stanza about the badger is yet another example of human tyranny over less fortunate creatures, which is most anti-hunter’s perception of what hunting is really like namely the abuse of the powerless by the powerful. The townspeople are capturing and confining the badger for the sport of it, to get their fun at his expense and at the end of it all â€Å"till kicked and torn and beaten out, he lies and leaves his hold and cackles, grows and dies. † (39-40) This poem is not a clear depiction of what hunting is about in today’s regulated society. There has never been a case in modern times where a regulated hunting season has driven any animal to the point of being endangered or tortured and treated cruelly it is only when there is no regulation where this type of issue occurs. Hunting can strengthen game animals by trimming the population and preventing overpopulation that can destroy the environment and cause lack of food. Not only is overpopulation of animals a great inconvenience to humans it can be downright dangerous. Hunting provides much financial aid to our government and to many who hunt it is a relaxing, exciting and an educational experience. With all the negative press from anti-hunters, the benefits cannot be denied and with the significant rules in place to ensure good hunting, if adhered to then most definitely hunting should be allowed. Works Cited Kruuk, H. Hunter and Hunted: Relationships between Carnivores and People Cambridge, UK, New York, NY Cambridge University Press, 2002 Sunstein, Cass R. ; Nussbaum, Martha Craven Animal Rights: Current Debates and New Directions Oxford, New York Oxford University Press (US), 2004. Clare, John. â€Å"The Badger. † Making Literature Matter; An Anthology for Readers and Writers. 3rd ed. Ed. John Schilb and John Clifford. Boston; Bedford, 2006. 913-915.

A Midsummer Night’s Dream Essay: Importance of the Nighttime Forest

A Midsummer Night's Dream: The Importance of the Nighttime Forest  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Shakespeare’s play A Midsummer Night's Dream the dark forest is the center of the world, relegating Athens, center of the civilized Greek world, to the periphery. Day gives way to night, and mortal rulers leave the stage to be replaced by fairies. The special properties of night in a forest make it the perfect setting for the four lovers to set out on a project of self-discovery. Shakespeare implies that in darkness, reliance on senses other than eyesight leads to true seeing. In A Midsummer Night's Dream, the nighttime forest, by disrupting and transforming vision, forces introspection and improvisation that help the four lovers on their way to self-understanding. The darkness of the night setting seems particularly important in a play (and a culture) where the language of love relies so heavily on sight imagery. Fairy magic literalizes the connection between love and sight: appropriately, Oberon's love juice is applied to the eyes. In the language of the play, to look on or at someone is the most common metonymic expression for falling in love with a new person, or for spending time with the one you already love. Lysander steels himself and Hermia against the trial of separation with a call to "starve our sight / From lover's food till morrow deep midnight" (1.1, ll. 221-2). Vision and hunger together become the elements of Lysander's metaphor about lovers and separation; to see is to be with, and a lover's company is elevated in importance to the need for food and drink. But Hermia and Lysander are not going to see each other by the light of day. The scant light of midnight-midnight, when dawn and dusk are both equally far off-will provide a ll... ..." which connotes shallow feeling (Garber 10/13); the word "dote" is instead reserved for description of his former feelings about Hermia (4.1 ll. 163-73). His feelings for Hermia are the ones that have metaphorically been snuffed out by the dawn, "melted as the snow" before the sun (4.1 l. 163). What began in night as magic, as introspection and improvisation, has in daylight solidified into deep feeling. Although he speaks of Helena being "the object and pleasure" of his eye, the visual metaphor is accompanied by a proclamation of the faith and virtue of his heart's devotion (4.1 ll. 166-7). Introspection allows keener observation; new ways of looking enrich more ordinary types of sight. Night teaches the four lovers how to see more clearly during the day. Works Cited: Shakespeare, William. A Midsummer Night's Dream. New York: Washington Square Press, 1993.

Online Bus reservation system Essay

1-INTRODUCTION: Bus Reservation System is use for traveling company to manage data, so that all the transactions become fast and there should not be any error in transactions like calculation mistake, bill generation and other things. It replaces all the paper work. It keeps records of all the bills also, given to the customers, so that user could update his daily accounts. All most care and back-up procedures must be established to ensure 100% successful implementation of the computerized Bus reservation system. 2-PROBLEM IN BRIEF: Seat reservation in bus management system is manually operated by group of people. In this regard many people involve in the activity of of keeping regard of the tickets, BUS, the ‘TIME’ of arrival and ‘DEPARTURE’ train numbers, passengers’ name, address, and gender. If the passenger will be in the large number then managing all of them can become issue. Most of time passengers get late due to the slow and inefficient management by the staff. They get irritated in crowd and feel un-comfortable I n getting of a ticket to go on journey of their desired place. So a reliable way is needed to improve management, decrease cost and make system faster. 2.1-Existing system: Pakistan â€Å"Bus RESERVATION SYSTEM† are neglected by the last government the management of Bus RESERVATION SYSTEM† is not so good. Most of the passengers do not purchase their tickets in advance for return reservation. Because all work is done on note books .having complex reservation. The passengers personal details such as Name, Age, CNIC, destination and Source, bus details like Bus ID,Bus name ,Max seats ,AC or Non AC And Route details like Bus is going from Source to Destination ,Route ID ,Route name are input during booking in. The booking  office orders for preparation of the ticket before his/ her check in date. The documents are transferred manually to the Bus driver to check there tickets .It take so much time. To solve this problem we want to make online reservation system. 2.2-DRAW BACK OF EXSTING SYSTEM: Large amount of clerical time is required. The record maintainability is difficult. Accessibility of accurate information from the past record is difficult. There is always delay in information search and retrieval. It requires many people to carry out a single problem. Lot of human resources is required. Data reliability and maintainability is difficult. Lot amount of records need much place to save. The paper works have to be taken care. Develop a data base system that stores the record of the passengers, tickets, amount, trains details. Passengers, clerks and administration have separate login. Create easy and user friendly environment. Attract user interface to navigate through the system. 2.3-THE PROPOSED SYSTEM: 2.3.1-OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM: The objective of this project is to reserve seats online and to save them from hassles to visit ‘DAEWOO Reservation Centers.’ By doing this, we are not only saving time of public but also saving their cost of traveling/parking to these centers. For Railways it is saving on their infrastructure i.e. Buildings, Air-Conditioning, Electricity, Furniture, Staff etc. this system has also the following objectives. The proposed system is comparatively faster than the existing system. As the proposed system is comparatively faster than the existing system, there will be very less rush and shorter queues at the reservation counters or centers. In the proposed system, we are also making database for all the BUS running across the country. As required, we can edit the database of the BUS and also add  the new BUS which will be proposed in future budgets. The acquisition and maintenance of a relational database with the help of hardware, communication network and software including system design. To assess the system chosen in the project operates in an adequately controlled environment. Whether the application’s control is adequate and if the system is in compliance with rules. Adequate security from possibilities of fraud. To show an effective mechanism to ensure most economic usage of available resources. 2.3.2-SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM: The scope of project included evaluation of the application and was primarily concerned with the transactions related to booking of tickets from the terminals operated by the DAEWOO personnel. The records maintained in the database of the DAEWOO reservation center were also reviewed. Discussions were held with the database users to gain understanding regarding the various functional aspects of the system. Application controls, simulation and online enquiries were used to evaluate data validation and program logic. The selected data, as made available, for substantive checking of the completeness, integrity and consistency of data using computer assisted applications such as JAVA, MS Access and Structured Query Language (SQL). 2.3.3-THE ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTYEM: The system enables easy and fast access to the passenger files. The system provides better data management facilities. The system enable online booking of passenger into the bus reservation office . The system provides performance evaluation of the employees to ensure maximum output from the employees. The system provides security measures to access to the bus reservation system information lowering data security threats. The system help reduce the congestion of passengers ensuring best service output for customer satisfaction purposes. Easy update of the passenger records. High customer service standards attract more passengers to the bus reservation system. Reduction of data entry and processing errors. Greatly reduce paper use at the Bus reservation system. 3 IDENTIFICATION OBJECTS:- The visible objects are the following Bus system (administration) Passengers Rout 4-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:- The system should allow any person to reserve a bus ticket. The passengers can buy a tickets by filling form or after inquiring the tickets availability. The user name can be same but the id should be unique. After getting response from the system administration the user must book tickets and pay charges for that. The printed form of the user should be provided by the clerk if user want to cancel its reservation the administration should return/refund money. 4.1-Administrator Interface: 4.2-Reservation And Print Ticket Interface: 5-Processing requirements: To realize the targeted achievements at the Reservation system will require the following necessities. Although at a high cost, the benefits are outstanding. 5.1-Type of computers: It’s highly advised that the most convenient computers to be used should be minicomputers from authorized dealers most advisedly DELL. This will ensure maximum compatibility, user friendliness, and reliability. 5.2-Operating system: The system analyst advices that the hotel should install WINDOWS 7/windows 8 with an OFFICE 2007 package to realize the maximum potential of the system. The operating system’s high functionality value and the big deal of beneficial tools prompted the system analyst to recommend it as the most advantageous operating system. 5.3-Data processing modes: Batch processing shall be applied at accounts department to generate daily reports for the Booking transactions. 5.4-Networking requirements: Since ensuring efficient and reliable communication at the BUS Terminal is one of the objectives of the system, the system will rely on a network. It’s recommended that good cable be used for PTCL call reservation system. 5.5-Minimum hardware requirements: 250GB hard disks . Computer memory of >1.5GB and processor speed of 2.8GHz Windows 7 operating system 1GB RAM 5.6-Input devices: Keyboards, Mouse. 5.7-Output devices: LCD, speakers, Printers, Plasma Panel. 6- SCOPE OF FEASIBILITY :- Implementing this project idea is supportive and can improve the design, performance and greater usability. The task of performance evaluation of different databases design, for efficiency is in the spirit. 7- MOTIVATION:- This project is dedicated to: Model the existing BUS Reservation system. Provide comprehensive set of features to enhance the operational limits. Evaluate their performance in different scenarios. Suggest modifications for greater efficiency. 8-METHODOLOGIES: The methodology that will be used throughout the development process will be a variation on the waterfall life cycle. As the requirements for the project are unlikely to Change dramatically this methodology will fit the project. If the project looked like the requirements would be changing often a more agile methodology would have been chosen. The waterfall lifecycle works by following a strict path through The development process not moving on to the next stage until the previous stage has been completed. The stages for this project will be: The first stage of the project will involve researching into existing systems, user expectation and then drawing up the requirements of the project. Once we have the functional requirements have been decided upon the Second stage will involve research into the non-functional requirements of the project for instance security and accessibility. Once the functional and non-functional requirements have been decided upon and the technologies to be used have been decided, the system will be design. Once the design process has been completed the implementation stage can begin, although there will be no formal test driven development for this project when new Features are added or code is edited the system will be tested to ensure that no bugs have been introduced into the program. Once the implementation has been completed the entire system will be thoroughly tested. 9-CASE Tool: Microsoft Word 2010 Microsoft Access 2010 Net Beans IDE 7.3 10-Delivery TimeLine Milestone Description Complete 1Proposal and Planning 03/10/2014 2Concept Design TBA 3Primary Page Development TBA 4Secondary Pages TBA 5Review and Testing TBA 6Final SubmissionTBA 11-Conclusion: To develop a system that would computerize the Seat Reservation, the system analyst has been able to come to a successful end of a journey that has seen him through ups and downs, hills and valleys that even seemed impossible to climb. By God’s grace the system analyst has accomplished the dreams that he had when he wrote down the objectives of this system. As he concludes, he is grateful that the system will be able to serve its intended purpose and meet its objectives to the satisfaction of Passengers.

My Philosophy of Life Essay

Nowadays, in the XXIst century people are living life of the constant pursuit for money, successful career, what is making impression that only those values are important. Than they have to stop for a while and contemplate about their life goals, their life philosophy. This essay will present my philosophy of life. First of all, the most important thing for me is my family. According to my rules, they are always on the first place, and can count on me, just the same like I can count on them. I was raised by my parents to be a good man who tries to be always kind and helpful for the other people and live in harmony with commandments of my religion. The next thing about my philosophy of life is a proper attitude what means that I have a lot of faith in myself and I am taking challenges with believing in final success. Optimism is very important in man’s life and we cannot forget about it, because it helps in bearing up with difficulties. Having friends is also important; however, the point is to choose wisely and surround yourself with well-wishing and loyal people which won’t stab you in the back when you will need help. My philosophy of life tells that I always have to be myself and listen to my heart as much as I listen to my mind and to play along with the voice of my conscience. I believe, that man should develop himself, every time try to experience something new and always use an opportunity to increase his knowledge in order to be conscious and intelligent. Summing up, I am convinced that the best way to achieve happiness is to be loyal to your family and friends man who has optimistic view on future, as my philosophy of life says.

Free Essays on Humanties Primary Source

Analysis of Art â€Å"The Maids of Honor† by Diego Rodriguez de Silva Velasquez is a canvas painting created in 1656-57. This piece of art is rather dark, Velasquez is controlling what it is that you see. He uses natural light such as from a window and shows how some parts of a room may be seen and other parts not. We see three maids of honor dressed in elaborate clothing preparing for a painted portrait. Servants are also in the room assisting with the activity. The artist has painted himself in the picture along with the King sneaking a peak at the preparations. Everyone seems to be looking in your direction to infer that you are in the picture or they are looking in to a mirror. As an observer of this painting I feel that a very important activity is taking place. The use of straight lines have made the figures of importance very clear. These lines are somewhat defined leaving a crisp picture. I feel this picture is very direct in imaging but confusing of what is happening. The use of color is very calm, cool and kind of vivid, only being able to see that natural light allows. The shapes in the picture seems to be people and objects that are easily recognized, yet the picture also creates an illusion and hides what is really going on (ie, what are they looking at). This picture has depth with a since of a crowd but also an impression that there is a lot of room. This painting shows how the artist used the brush to imply actual creases in the fabric to give it a real appeareance. This painting leaves a question for the viewer, a question that is complex and confusing. I feel this painting is trying to break through the bounders restricted by the canvas and try to involve the viewers. The artist restricts what we see; color creates us to look at different places in the picture. The over design makes you feel that there is more to see than meets the eye. I would value understanding the picture, being able to s... Free Essays on Humanties Primary Source Free Essays on Humanties Primary Source Analysis of Art â€Å"The Maids of Honor† by Diego Rodriguez de Silva Velasquez is a canvas painting created in 1656-57. This piece of art is rather dark, Velasquez is controlling what it is that you see. He uses natural light such as from a window and shows how some parts of a room may be seen and other parts not. We see three maids of honor dressed in elaborate clothing preparing for a painted portrait. Servants are also in the room assisting with the activity. The artist has painted himself in the picture along with the King sneaking a peak at the preparations. Everyone seems to be looking in your direction to infer that you are in the picture or they are looking in to a mirror. As an observer of this painting I feel that a very important activity is taking place. The use of straight lines have made the figures of importance very clear. These lines are somewhat defined leaving a crisp picture. I feel this picture is very direct in imaging but confusing of what is happening. The use of color is very calm, cool and kind of vivid, only being able to see that natural light allows. The shapes in the picture seems to be people and objects that are easily recognized, yet the picture also creates an illusion and hides what is really going on (ie, what are they looking at). This picture has depth with a since of a crowd but also an impression that there is a lot of room. This painting shows how the artist used the brush to imply actual creases in the fabric to give it a real appeareance. This painting leaves a question for the viewer, a question that is complex and confusing. I feel this painting is trying to break through the bounders restricted by the canvas and try to involve the viewers. The artist restricts what we see; color creates us to look at different places in the picture. The over design makes you feel that there is more to see than meets the eye. I would value understanding the picture, being able to s...

Japans Meiji Era

Japan's Meiji Era The Meiji Era was the 44-year period of Japans history from 1868 to 1912 when the country was under the rule of the great Emperor Mutsuhito. Also called the Meiji Emperor, he was the first ruler of Japan to wield actual political power in centuries. An Era of Change The Meiji Era or Meiji Period was a time of incredible transformation in Japanese society. It marked the end of the Japanese system of feudalism  and completely restructured the social, economic, and military reality of life in Japan. The Meiji Era began when  a faction of daimyo  lords from Satsuma and Choshu in the far south of Japan united to overthrow the Tokugawa shogun and return political power to the Emperor. This revolution in Japan is called the Meiji Restoration. The daimyo who brought the Meiji Emperor out from behind the jeweled curtain and into the political limelight probably did not anticipate all of the repercussions of their actions. For example, the Meiji Period saw the end of the samurai and their daimyo lords, and the establishment of a modern conscript army. It also marked the beginning of a period of rapid industrialization and modernization in Japan. Some former supporters of the restoration, including the Last Samurai, Saigo Takamori, later rose up in the unsuccessful Satsuma Rebellion in protest of these radical changes. Social Prior to the Meiji Era, Japan had a feudal social structure with samurai warriors on top, followed by farmers, craftsmen, and finally merchants or traders at the bottom. During the Meiji Emperors reign, the status of the samurai was abolished - all Japanese would be considered commoners, except for the imperial family. In theory, even the  burakumin  or untouchables were now equal to all other Japanese people, although in practice discrimination was still rampant. In addition to this leveling of society, Japan also adopted many western customs during this time. Men and women abandoned silk kimono and began to wear Western-style suits and dresses. Former samurai had to cut off their topknots, and women wore their hair in fashionable bobs. Economic During the Meiji Era, Japan industrialized with incredible speed. In a country where just a few decades earlier, merchants and manufacturers were considered the lowest class of society, suddenly titans of industry were forming huge corporations that produced iron, steel, ships, railroads, and other heavy industrial goods. Within the reign of the Meiji Emperor, Japan went from a sleepy, agrarian country to an up-and-coming industrial giant.   Policy-makers and ordinary Japanese people alike felt that this was absolutely essential for Japans survival, as the western imperial powers of the time were bullying and annexing formerly strong kingdoms and empires all over Asia. Japan would not only build up its economy and its military capacity well enough to avoid being colonized - it would become a major imperial power itself in the decades following the Meiji Emperors death. Military The Meiji Era saw a rapid and massive reorganization of Japans military capabilities, as well. Since the time of Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warriors had been using firearms to great effect on the battlefield. However, the samurai sword was still the weapon that denoted Japanese warfare up until the Meiji Restoration. Under the Meiji Emperor, Japan established western-style military academies to train a whole new type of soldier. No longer would birth into a samurai family be the qualifier for military training; Japan had a conscript army now, in which the sons of former samurai might have a farmers son as a commanding officer.  The military academies brought in trainers from France, Prussia, and other western countries to teach the conscripts about modern tactics and weaponry. In the Meiji Period, Japans military reorganization made it a major world power. With battleships, mortars, and machine guns, Japan would defeat the Chinese in the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95, and then stun Europe by beating the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05. Japan would continue headlong down an increasingly militaristic path for the next forty years. The word meiji literally means bright plus pacify. A bit ironically, it denotes the enlightened peace of Japan under Emperor Mutsuhitos reign. In fact, although the Meiji Emperor did indeed pacify and unify Japan, it was the start of a half-century of warfare, expansion, and imperialism in Japan, which conquered the Korean Peninsula, Formosa (Taiwan), the Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa), Manchuria, and then much of the rest of East Asia between 1910 and 1945.

Law in Action Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law in Action - Case Study Example On the death of Patrice and she made no Will or testament, her two kids can be a representative of Patrice or if the husband or Joel is still alive, he could inherit the property provided that Patrice allows him to represent her. At this point, there can be no other choice than him if by the time of Patrice death the kids are still minor. If in case, they are old enough, Joel, being the person alive at that time can choose one of the kids to represent their mother. Joel had been Patrice civil partner for a time, though she is not ready to marry him, he can represent for her. If on the other hand Patrice marries Joel, he will represent her on her death for they were married any way, either civil or church wedding. If no disposition by will shall be made of any estate pur autre vie of a freehold nature, the same shall be chargeable in the hands of the heir, if it shall come to him by reason of special occupancy, as assets by descent as in the case of freehold land and see simple; and in case there shall be no special occupant of any estate pur autre vie, whether freehold or customary freehold, tenant right, customary or copyhold, or of any other tenure, and whether a corporeal or incorporeal hereditament, it shall go to the executor or administrator of the party that had the estate thereof by virtue of the grant; and if the same shall come to the executor or administrator either by reason of a special occupancy or by virtue of this Act, it shall be assets in his hands, and shall go and be applied and distributed in the same manner as the personal estate of the testator or intestate. The only legal estates now capable of subsisting in land being an estate in fee simple absolute or a term of yea rs absolute, estates pur autre vie can now only subsist in the equitable interest in land, legal life estates being abolished (Law of Property Act, 1925) (c. 20), section 1(1), (2), (3), Vol. 15 title Real Property, p.177) As to special occupancy, see section 1 (1) of the Administration of estates Act 1925 (c.23), Vol.8, entitled EXECUTORS AND ADMINISTRATORS, p 306, by virtue of which real estate to which a deceased person is entitled for an interest not ceasing on his death devolves from time to time on the personal representative of the deceased, in like manner as before the commencement of that Act chattels real devolved from time to time on the personal representative of a deceased person. In early times a married woman was incapable of a will. Her will of land was declared void by statute (Stat. (1542-3) 34 & 35, Hen. 8, c.5 (now repealed)) Her will of real property was equally invalid, not merely because marriage was a gift of real property to her husband, but because in the eye of the law the wife had no existence separate from that of her husband, and no separate contracting or disposing powers. In course of time,

Depression -bachelor in nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Depression -bachelor in nursing - Essay Example This is one of the primary mood disorders characterized by a depressed mood and/or a decrease in interest in things that used to give pleasure. Depression acquires more severe proportions when the early warning signals get ignored by the person, his/her family or friends. Families and patients often tend to overlook this condition as they 'think' they should be able to control it themselves or the symptoms would soon disappear on their own. Some of the symptoms which lead to depression are; Though depression knows no limits of age or sex, yet the phenomenon is more prevalent in elder people and female. Ladies are more prone to depression as compared to their male counterparts owing to an additional type known as postpartum depression - the psychiatric disorder which grips the female soon after giving birth to a baby, also known as postnatal depression. Depression, in general can be classified as; Clinical Depression: Depression is classified as clinical when it is being felt by the family or friends that the patient requires clinical assistance for treatment. It is also known as Major depression or unipolar depression. People with this type of depression feel sad and appear detached from entertaining activities. Incoherent memory, problems in concentration, laziness and loss of appetite are some of the symptoms of such a disorder. Dysthymia or Persistent De... Dysthymia or Persistent Depression: This is a less severe type of depression often termed as minor depression. Under such type the person may feel like sad and dissatisfied with the happening around him/her. Such symptoms may temporarily disappear, only to recur with more severity if proper attention is not paid to the early warning signals. At times the person may not be aware of existence of such a depression as he/ she make it a part of their routine, often unenjoyable, life. Fatigue, low self-esteem, insomnia, bouts of concentration loss and appetite disturbances are some of the symptoms of Dysthymia, which are not considered severe enough to go for treatment. A person may feel sad on account of certain circumstances but, recurrence of such sadness leads to depression. Atypical Depression: This type of depression borders near major or clinical depression, but with less severity. Symptoms of atypical depression include fatigue, oversleeping, overeating and subsequent weight gain. Such a depression might be long lasting as the person feels unduly elated and looks for happiness even in circumstances where there's none. Bipolar or Manic Depression: As the name itself suggest, bipolar depression leads to formation of two different poles of mood, varying from lower levels to extremely high levels (manic situation), which leads to overreaction and often leads to suicides. For example, one of my neighbor who was just 39 yrs, with a family of two lovely kids and a working wife felt ignored by his wife and friends. He took retirement from a police job and started working as an instructor in a high school. During the police job he used to be

How did Stanton recalculate the definition of self-evident truths Essay

How did Stanton recalculate the definition of self-evident truths - Essay Example lution do not only consist of change process via ethnic relations, but since movements in the aim to advance civil rights emerged as well at various points in history, their heavy criticisms upon the four models of social change managed to recalculate the view of self-evident truths. Eventually, for Elizabeth Cady Stanton, recalculation of truths applies further to more specific issues of evaluating differences between the dominant and the non-dominant groups. Ethnic social relations that were classified by Frederickson as hierarchy, assimilation, pluralism, and separatism each possess a characteristic definition. For one, hierarchy manifests the conspicuous evidence of truth in the manner nature takes its course as men of dominant race or culture share privileges among themselves, excluding their weaker counterparts whom they consider to be inferior. It may be widely perceived herein that social inequality is the natural order of truth and there seems no way of having the non-dominant blend with the dominant of the society for the borders that distinguish one from the other are fixed and significantly rigid. Assimilation, on the other hand, takes on a more subtle, rather considerate treatment by approving outcasts as in a situation where the superior in-groups tolerate acceptance of the inferior out-groups for as long as the latter make the effort to ‘assimilate’ or establish conformity to the attitude, sense of fashion, or beliefs of the former. Even more flexible in structure is pluralism the theory of which promotes respect for cultural diversity so that this enables abolition of typically unfavorable judgments upon ethnicities on the basis of color and racial origins. Instead, a pluralistic society encourages distinctions and social relation that supports the prevailing state of democracy from which to measure the level of civilization attained. Separatism being a form of pluralism, in the definition of Frederickson, may then be achieved upon full

Development of SMEs in Malaysia

Development of SMEs in Malaysia The Global Enterprise Introduction Malaysia is a developing nation with a population of 30 million and currently classified in the upper middle income category. It is situated in the South East Asia Region and is part of the Association of South East Asian Nation; which also comprises of countries such as Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, as well as Thailand and Vietnam (ASEAN, 2014). Malaysia is a unique country as it is made up of a variety of races such as Malay, Chinese and Indian as well as indigenous races, making it an ethnically heterogeneous nation. This thus sets a very diverse and vibrant cultural backdrop in Malaysia. Important Benchmark in the Malaysian Economic Policy In their study of strengthening entrepreneurship in Malaysia, Ariff et al (2000) describes that during the British colonial rule of Malaya (pre-1957), the British implemented the practice of separating economic activity along racial boundaries. Malaya’s main economic drivers at the time were tin mining and production of rubber. In order to streamline operations of the industry, Indian and Chinese migrant workers were imported to work on the rubber plantations and in the tin mines respectively. The Chinese were allowed to run certain businesses; becoming shopkeepers, peddlers and petty traders in the towns. The Malays were mainly concentrated in the agricultural sector and were the only ethnic-group that was allowed into the bureaucracy. However, only members of the royal or upper-class families of the different states of Malaya were usually allowed into the administration, whereas the majority of Malays were limited to the low-income agricultural sector. This resulted in a ver y multi-layered society, segregated economically and racially with the majority of Malays (Bumiputras) at the bottom rung. To rectify the economic disparity that existed within the country, the representatives of the three major ethnic groups (Malay, Indian and Chinese) agreed that upon independence from colonial rule, the Malays would be given certain â€Å"special rights† in the fields of religion, economics and politics. The main reason for this â€Å"positive discrimination† was to elevate the status of the economically marginalized Malays, and therefore create a more equitable and balanced society. Under the New Economic Policy (NEP) established in 1970, these special rights received more comprehensive enunciation. This was a reaction to the growing discontent about the economic inequalities between the Malays and the other races who were still gaining economic ascendancy. The main objectives of the NEP were to reduce and eventually eradicate poverty, and to accelerate the process of restructuring Malaysian society to correct economic imbalance, so as to reduce and eventually eliminate the identification of race with economic function (Kuala Lumpur: Government Press, 1972) The NEP emphasised on increasing effective Bumiputra ownership and participation in the corporate sector, improving Bumiputra participation in high-income occupations, as well as narrowing income inequality and eradicating poverty. Within these larger policies, the subject of constructing a Bumiputra Commercial and Industrial Community (BCIC), which involves fostering Bumiputra entrepreneurs, professionals and creating a Bumiputra middle-class (Economic Planning Unit, 2001) is deeply prevalent. This has become the backbone of Malaysia’s strategy for strengthening national entrepreneurship, and all related policies and strategies have to take this into consideration. However non-Bumiputra entrepreneurs have not been completely neglected. The State of the Malaysian Economy (2013-2014) Malaysia has a medium-sized but rapidly growing economy. It is self-sufficient in important natural resources, including gas and oil, and has a conducive environment and climate for the production of various crops (oil palm being one of those). Her especially strategic location provides further advantages for the development of its international trade. As of 14 August 2014, Malaysia has posted a Gross Domestic product (GDP) of 6.4%, amounting to RM262.8 billion. This is a very encouraging sign for the national economy. This is a slightly marked improvement from the first quarter of 2014 which was 6.2%. In the fourth quarter of 2013, the nation posted a GDP of 5.1% (Department of Statistics, Malaysia, 2014). This can be seen in Chart 1. The construction sector was the main contributor to the GDP at 9.9%, followed by manufacturing (7.3%), agriculture (7.1%), private consumption (6.5%) and petroleum and mining (2.1%) according to The Star (2014) An additional point to note; the twin tragic disasters that befell Malaysia especially Malaysia Airlines this year (flights MH370 and MH17 respectively) have not significantly affected Malaysia’s bullish economic performance. However, Malaysia Airlines (MAS) have been experiencing heavy losses in the 2nd and 3rd quarters of the year (Malaysia Airlines, 2014) As an oil and gas exporter, Malaysia has profited from higher world energy prices, although the rising cost of domestic gasoline and diesel fuel, has forced the government to begin to address fiscal shortfalls, through initial reductions in energy and sugar subsidies and the announcement of the 2015 implementation of a 6% goods and services tax. The government is also trying to lessen its reliance on state oil producer PETRONAS. The oil and gas sector supplies about 32% of government revenue in 2013. Bank Negara Malaysia (central bank) maintains healthy foreign exchange reserves, and a well-developed regulatory regime has limited Malaysias exposure to riskier financial instruments and the global financial crisis. Nevertheless, Malaysia could be vulnerable to a fall in commodity prices or a general slowdown in global economic activity because exports are a major component of GDP. In order to attract increased investment, the Prime Minister of Malaysia Dato’ Sri Najib Razak earlier raised possible revisions to the special economic and social preferences accorded to ethnic Malays under the New Economic Policy of 1970, but retreated in 2013 after he encountered significant opposition from Malay nationalists and other assigned interests. In September 2013 Najib launched the new Bumiputra Economic Empowerment Program (BEEP), policies that favor and advance the economic condition of ethnic Malays, further strengthening the economic stature and power of the Bumiputras in the nation. Malaysia has a diversified and rapidly expanding manufacturing sector. Malaysia was able to join the worlds leaders in some fields although in many areas of manufacturing, it relies on imported technologies and foreign investments. In the 1990s, it became the worlds third-largest producer of integrated circuits and one of the leading producers of domestic appliances. Agriculture is still an important export earner. Malaysia is the worlds second largest producer of palm oil behind Indonesia, amounting to 39% of the world’s palm oil production (Malaysian Palm Oil Council, 2014). Malaysia has always been very open to foreign investment (FDI), especially for export-oriented manufactures, with relatively few restrictions and easy return of profits. This has prompted some of the worlds largest corporations, such as Dell and Microsoft of the United States, NEC and Mitsubishi of Japan, and others, to set up production branches in Malaysia. Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia Normah Mohd Aris (2007) says that: â€Å"The Malaysian economy is driven and influenced by many factors. Some of these factors include Small and medium enterprises (commonly referred to as SMEs) have been the backbone of economic growth of an economy in driving industrial development. Due to their sheer numbers, size and nature of operations, the role of SMEs in promoting domestic sources of growth and strengthening the infrastructure for accelerated economic expansion and development in Malaysia has been recognised. The interdependence of SMEs and large enterprises in collaborating with each other has led to the further expansion of SMEs.† According to the Malaysian SME Corp website, SMEs are defined by the following features: Manufacturing sector, sales turnover not exceeding RM50 million OR full-time employees not exceeding 200 workers Services and other sectors, sales turnover not exceeding RM20 million OR full-time employees not exceeding 75 workers SMEs are further divided into three different categories as shown in Table 1. SMEs in Malaysia are generally focused in the textile and apparel, food and beverages, metals and metals products and wood and wood products sectors. The majority of manufacturing companies are located in the central parts of Malaysia and around the country’s major industrial regions. Challenges Faced by SMEs in Malaysia According to Muhammad et al., (2010) many previous studies conducted by Saleh and Ndubisi (2006); Samad (2007); Abu Bakar et al. (2006); Aris (2006); Harvie (2004); Wang (2003); Wafa et al. (2005); Ritchie Brindley (2000); Decker et al. (2006) and Foon (2006) various challenges faced SMEs in a globalized environment. The SMEs should mainly concentrate in overcoming the challenges, which include recession, barrier from global sourcing, low productivity, lack of managerial capabilities, and lack of financing, difficulty in accessing management, technology and heavy regulatory burden. In the same way, Teoh and Chong (2008) reasoned that the major hurdles to entrepreneurship development are lack of access to credit, formal business and social networks. Muhammad et al. (2010) identified that the main problems faced by SMEs in Malaysia are the lack of knowledge regarding marketing techniques, branding, customer loyalty and also lack of good contacts with others local and international ent erprises. How the Government is Helping SMEs in Malaysia The Malaysian Government’s commitment to and involvement for the development of SMEs has been palpable since the early 1970s. The ‘New Economic Policy’, which mainly aimed to improve people’s welfare and restructure ethnic economic imbalances, was introduced in 1971. The government’s commitment to the development of SMEs is also evident in the second Industrial Master Plan (IMP2), which is then followed by the Third Industrial Master Plan (IMP3) 2006–2020; to coincide with the country’s vision for 2020.The Malaysian Government has implemented various policies and strategies under these plans. (Saleh et al, 2006) Further understanding the role of SMEs, the government’s commitment towards the development of SMEs was emphasized when the National SME Development Council (NSDC), was established in 2004. This Council embodies the highest-level policy making body to chart the direction and strategies for the development of SMEs. Some of the initiatives announced include the formulation of targeted strategies for the development of SMEs across all sectors; the establishment of a comprehensive National SME database and the expansion of development support programmes and facilities to enhance access to financing and accessibility of markets for export (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2006). The Small and Medium Industries Development Corporation (SMIDEC) was also set up, with the goal of developing capable and resilient Malaysian SMEs to be competitive in the global market. In 2007, the NSDC decided to appoint a single dedicated agency to formulate overall policies. SMIDEC was chosen to tackle this role and was transformed into the Small and Medium Enterprise Corporation Malaysia (SME Corp. Malaysia). SME Corp. Malaysia is now the central point of reference for information and advisory services for all SMEs in Malaysia. (Small and Medium Enterprise Corporation Malaysia, 2014) Saleh et al (2006) have also identified other key areas in which the Malaysian government have been helping SMEs. These areas include: 1. Developing Access to Markets The Malaysian External Trade Development Corporation (MATRADE) facilitates the participation of SMEs at trade fairs and trade exhibitions by financing their participation costs. This gives the SMEs a platform to market and showcase their companies. 2. Upgrading Technology Technology provides SMEs with the opportunity to increase their efficiency and productivity with tools to better manage their business amidst the growing demands of the current market. 3. Promoting the Application of ICT ICT allows effective and speedy communications and can ensure timely responses to market requirements. 4. Research Development (R D) and Innovation A total of RM280million was allocated to the Industry Research and Development Grant Scheme (IGS) and Commercialization of Research and Development Findings (CRDF) schemes under the 8th Malaysian Plan. 5. Productivity and Quality Assistance programs are aimed at encouraging SMEs to acquire quality standards (health, safety, environment and labour) that will assist them to leverage their strengths. 6. Awards and Recognition The government introduced various award programs to acknowledge companies that have attained excellence. Such programs include: The Prime Minister’s Industry Excellence Award Productivity and Quality management Award (PQMA) Enterprise 50 Award (E50) 7. Access to Financing and Grants The government has allocated substantial funds for borrowing by SMEs. 8. Supply of Skilled Labour In regard to SMEs, SME Corp. Malaysia collaborates with around 20 skill centres to provide training to local SMEs in technical and managerial proficiencies. The Electrical and Electronics, automotive, machinery and engineering services are some of sectors receiving priority in terms of training. References Ariff, M. and Abubakar, S.Y. (2004) Strengthening Entrepreneurship in Malaysia, pp. 2-12 Aris, N. M. (2006) SMEs: building blocks for economic growth. http://www.statistics.gov.my/conference/download.php?cat=1id_file=22. accessed 20/10/2014 ASEAN (2014) ASEAN Member States. http://www.asean.org/asean/asean-member-states accessed 15/10/2014 BNM – Bank Negara Malaysia (2004), â€Å"National SME Council Meeting†, Press Release, Bank Negara Malaysia. Foon, L. S. Eu-Gene, S. (2006) The Changing of Education in the Globalized World. Proceedings of Persidangan Kebangsaan IKS 2006, Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Utara Malaysia. Decker, M., Schiefer, G. Bulander, R. (2006). Specific challenges for small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in M-business: a SME-suitable framework for mobile services. Proceedings of the International Conference on E-Business (ICE-B 2006), Setà ºbal, Portugal: INSTICC. Department of Statistics, Malaysia (2014) Press Release Gross Domestic Product, 2nd Quarter of 2014. http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/images/stories/files/LatestReleases/gdp/2014/GDP_PRESS_RELEASE_Q2_2014.pdf accessed 20/10/2014 Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department. Eighth Malaysia Plan, 2001-2005. Kuala Lumpur: Government Printers, 2001 Harvie, C. (2004) East Asian SME capacity building, competitiveness and market opportunities in a global economy, pp 2-10 Index Mundi (2014), Malaysia Economy Profile 2014. http://www.indexmundi.com/malaysia/economy_profile.html accessed 25/10/2014 Malaysia Airlines (2014) IMPACT OF MH370 TRAGEDY DENTS MALAYSIA AIRLINES Q2 2014 RESULTS http://www.malaysiaairlines.com/my/en/corporate-info/press-room/latest/mas_q2_2014_result.html accessed 5/11/2014 Malaysian Palm Oil Council (2014) Malaysian Palm Oil Industry. http://www.mpoc.org.my/Malaysian_Palm_Oil_Industry.aspx accessed 5/11/2014 Ministry of International Trade and Industry, ‘MITI’ (1996) â€Å"Second Industrial Master Plan, 1996–2005 — Executive Summary†, MITI, Malaysia, pp. 10–13. Ministry of International Trade and industry, ‘MITI’ (2005), â€Å"The Third Industrial Master Plan (IMP3)† http://www.miti.gov.my/miti-imp3.html accessed 25/10/2014 Yusoff, M.B., Hasan, F.A., Jalil, S.A., (2000) Globalisation, Economic Policy, and Equity: The Case of Malaysia, pp. 6-15 http://www.oecd.org/countries/malaysia/2682426.pdf accessed 20/10/2014 Muhammad, Mohd Zulkifli, Char, Abdul Kamal , Yasoa, Mohd Rushdan bin and Hassan Zakiah, 2010. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Competing in the Global Business Environment: A Case of Malaysia. International Business Research, Vol.3, No1, pp. 66-72 Saleh, A.S. and Ndubisi, N.O. (2006) SME development in Malaysia: domestic and global challenges, pp. 12-25 Samad, N. A. (2007) Positioning Malaysian SMEs in the global. Proceedings of Persidangan Kebangsaan IKS 2007,Kota Kinabalu: Universiti Utara Malaysia. Second Malaysia Plan 1971-1975 (Kuala Lumpur: Government Press, 1971), p. 1. 2 SME Corp Malaysia (2014) About SME Corporation Malaysia. http://www.smecorp.gov.my/vn2/node/40 accesssed 27/10/2014 Teoh, W. M. Y. Chong, S. C. (2008) Improving Women Entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises in Malaysia: Policy Recommendations. Communication of the IBIMA, 2, pp. 31-38. The Star (2014), Malaysia’s services sector to contribute more to economy. http://www.thestar.com.my/Business/Business-News/2014/08/18/Malaysias-services-sector-to-contribute-more-to-economy/?style=biz – accessed 25/10/2014 Ritchie, B. Brindley, C. (2000). Disintermediation, disintegration and risk in the SME global supply chain. Management Decision, 38(8), 575-583. Wafa, S. A., Noordin, R. Kim-Man, M. (2005). Strategy and performance of small and medium-size enterprises in Malaysia. Proceedings of the International Conference in Economics and Finance (ICEF), Labuan: Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Wang, S. D. (2003). The implications of e-financing: implications for SMEs. Bulletin on Asia-Pacific Perspective 2003/2004. New York: United Nations. Chart 1: GDP and Annual Percentage Change